Corporate balance sheet is a financial report one of the 3 important financial statements, choose the appropriate means and arrows to read, analyze the balance sheet in order to properly evaluate the financial position, solvency, for a logical or latent investors is highly important.
how we view the balance sheet
one, the purpose of balance page fill
(a) the number of decimal places in early reports of year-end balance sheet If the current year balance sheet of each item and the content is not persistent with the year on, then the response to the before year's balance sheet in accordance with the purpose of names and numbers to modify the caliber of this year, fill in the report of the
(b) the purpose of the report content and the other fill methods:
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10. Business start-up costs, leasehold improvements and overhaul expenses and the amortization period of one year or more other prepaid expenses, in this table,
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13. Long-term investment in bonds ambition be due within one year, new assets should be in class the next
14. Lease financing of fixed assets in the attribute has not been decided before, and has its original price depreciation are likewise embodied. Fixed assets financed by leasing the original price and the bottom of this table should be reflected in the additional message.
15. chart reflect the company a certain appointment (the end of the end) always the assets, liabilities and owner's equity of the financial statements. Its elementary framework namely the No stuff what state the company is balanced accounting is always alike. On the left reflects the company with the resources; the right reflects the company's various rights holders of these resource requirements. Of always the company's creditors can demand resources, the company all the assets of 不同 creditors bear the responsibility Changfu, payment of debt entirely Bu, the remaining equity is, namely the company's web assets.
We use balance sheet information, we can see the distribution of assets, liabilities and owner's equity essay, according to evaluation of company financial operations, financial structure is normal and rational; analysis of the company's liquidity or liquidity, and long, the number of short-term debt and solvency, hazard evaluation of the ability of the company; use the information invested in the table also helps to think the the company's profitability, evaluate the company's operating performance.
elements in the analysis of balance sheet assets when we should first memorandum that elements of analysis, specifically including:
; an analysis of current assets. Analysis of the company's cash, deposits, short-term investments, a kind of accounts payable, inventory and so on. Current assets increase than in previous years, indicating the company's aptitude to pay and liquidity extension.
2 long-term investment analysis. Analysis of more than one year investment, such as the holding company, a diversified management and so on. Long-term investment to increase,
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3 fixed funds analysis. This is the physical form of the assets of the analysis. Balance sheet the fixed assets listed in the figures, mentioning only that under the conditions of continuing operations, the Guding assets Shangwei Depreciation, depletion of the amount and is expected to gradually retrieved in future periods, so we should pay special attention to, depreciation, depletion is reasonable and will directly influence the balance sheet, income statement and other statements for accuracy. Obviously,
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4 Intangible assets analysis. Main analysis trademarks, licenses, land use rights, non-patented technology, willingness, patents, etc. Goodwill and other intangible assets without truly referring to are generally not stated, besides goodwill is formed when the purchase or combination. Obtain intangible assets, should be logged and enrolled within the stipulated period amortization is completed.
Secondly, we must analyze the factors of liability, including two aspects:
1 Analysis of current liabilities. The tangible amount of current liabilities shall be accounted for, the analysis of the opener is to dodge lacking all the liabilities in the balance sheet should be reflected.
2 analysis of long-term liabilities. Including long-term loans, bonds payable, long-term payables, etc. Because different fashions of long-term debt, accordingly, should pay attention to analysis to understand the creditors of the company's situation.
Finally, equity analysis, including capital, capital surplus, acquired additional and undistributed profits in 4 areas. Analysis of shareholders 'equity, primarily in the equity investment is to understand the different forms of capital and ownership structure, to understand the elements of shareholders' equity in order of priority of repayment, etc. Look by the balance sheet, combined with the income statement, mainly associated to capital Jinli Run and inventory turnover, the former reflects the profitability indicators, which reflect the operating skills.
proceeds statement based above the income statement apt watch how the Through the income statement, we can generally operating rendition of listed corporations, the success of treatment to assess the extent to evaluate the value and reward investors. Income statement includes two aspects: First, to reflect the company's revenues and expenses, indicating the company's profit or wastage in the sum of a given phase, according to critic firm's economy efficiency and profitability, the company's management extravaganza evaluation; partial reflects the company's financial results of the source, indicating the source of profits in the company's assorted proportion of absolute profits, as well for the relationship among these sources. Analysis of the income statement, chiefly in two ways:
1. Revenue analysis. Company through the sale of productions, providing services to effect the revenue, you can also use the resources available to others, way to hire and interest and other operating income. The increase in income, it means that the company's assets increase or diminish in liabilities.
credited to income account, including current invoice of cash income, notes receivable or accounts receivable to the amount actually received or the book value recorded .
2. spend of the project analysis. Cost income deduction, the price of confirmation, correct or not directly narrated to the net profitability of the company. Therefore, analysis of spend items, they should first pay attention to the cost contained in the content is proper to validation costs should emulate the accrual conviction, historical cost principle, the division of revenue disburse and capital disburse principles. Second, the structure of costs and changes in trend analysis and the percent of total operating revenue of the costs, analyze the cost structure is reasonable, the unreasonable cost to pinpoint the cause. At the same time to analyze the cost of each project to see changes in each item movements in array to determine the company's management and financial situation, anticipate the company's growth prospects.
see the income statement while the company's financial position with the instructions listed link. It is mainly to annotate the company's creation and action; profit comprehension and delivery; accounts receivable and inventory turnover location; all the properties alterations; the payment of tariffs; expected the afterward accounting period alterations in financial situation of the company have a significant impact matters. The financial situation as the financial thinking to learn approximately, evaluate the details of the company's financial condition.
how we outlook the money stream expression
cash flow statement reflects cash inflows and outflows of listed companies report information. Here refers not merely to cash in the coffers of the cash accounting department, including bank deposits, short-term investments in securities, other monetary funds. Cash flow statement can differentiate our operating activities, investing activities and financing activities generated cash receipts and payments, and the net increase in cash flow, which helps us to analyze the company's liquidity and ability to pay, and then grab the company's viability , capability development and the ability to adjust to market changes.
City's cash flow can be divided into the following 5 characteristic areas:
1. Cash flow from operating activities: to behave normal business of the company arising from cash inflows, outflows and net flows, such as Product sales revenue, increase backup tax rebates and other cash inflows, the purchase of raw materials, pay taxes and salaries to increase cash outflows, etc.;
2. Cash flow from investing activities: to obtain and destruction of securities of the company investment fixed assets and elusive assets such as cash receipts and payments arising from activities and results of activities, such as the sale of plant to get cash income, buy of stocks and bonds and additional cash outflows of alien investment occasioned;
3. Cash flow from financing activities: refers to the process of raising funds in cash receipts and payments arising from activities and results, such as absorption of chief, dividends, publish bonds, obtain loans and repayment of loans, etc.;
4. is the cash flow generated at the project: is a non- normal economic movement caused by the cash flow, such as acquisitions or donations of others, cash payments and other penalties;
5. not involved in cash investments and financing activities: This is a class of quite important information for shareholders, notwithstanding These activities will not cause current cash balance, merely the future cash flows will have even a quite significant impact. Such activities are reflected in the supplementary information of a column, such as debt to foreign investment, foreign investment and other fixed assets.
of cash flow mainly from three places for analysis:
1. net cash flows and changes in short-term solvency. If the current net cash fin the absnece ofcreases,
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2. cash inflows structure with the company's long-term reliability. Business activities of the company's cardinal business, the cash flow for such activities, can persist to invest in fashionable cash recycling, cash flow from the main business of the more, the stability of that company, the stronger . The company's investment activities is to location idle funds seeing for investment, fund-raising activities is to raise funds for the operations of these two activities of cash flow,
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3. investing activities and financing activities generated cash flow and the company's hereafter development. Investors in the analysis of investment activities, we have to disburse attention to analysis of servant investment or foreign investment. Inward investment, boost cash flow, which means the fixed assets, intangible assets additional, indicating the company is distending, such companies grow better; if inward investment, a substantial addition in cash flow,
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How to know the 3 important monetary statem
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