No stuff what career you study , how many you

The Butterfly Effect
【】 【】 【frog phenomenon catfish crocodile effect of law】 【】 【】 【hedgehog rules herding】 ; Law】 【watch
Broken Window Theory
【】 【】 【twenty-eight Law Matthew barrel theory】 【】 【】 【logic cage diffusion of responsibility Parkinson's Law effects】 【】
halo effect
【】 【】 【Hawthorne effect of learned helplessness test witness memory】 【】 【】 【Rosenthal Effect of false compassion deviation】
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】 【Butterfly Effect Butterfly Effect: 70s of last century, an American meteorologist named Lorenz system theory in the interpretation of the air, said one of the Amazon rainforest vibration of the butterfly wings sometimes, perhaps two weeks can cause a hurricane in Texas.
the butterfly effect is that the very small changes in initial conditions continued to enlarge after its future status will cause a very great distinction. Some small things can be confusing, and some small asset, such as amplified by the system, then an organization, a nation is very important to not perplexed.
today's business, its fate is also subject to the Consumers increasingly believe that feeling, so the brand expense, shopping environment, the attitude of ... ... the value of these elusive factors will be their choice. So as long as a little consideration, we can lightly see that some management practices, sound motifs in their companies will arise in this sentence:
name of customer, the only one not satisfied arrogance so you can say only 1% of the failure, but for the customers, he gets 100% is not satisfied.
today, enabling corporations to change the destiny of the The emergence of tournament and other newspaper conveyances, businesses sit and worry-free growing latent of micro-monopoly and open tournament so that corporations must think all potential factors that affect evolution.
streamlining, officials laid off, the abolition of welfare housing and other measures to give speed up people away from the orthodox security, is followed to decide on their own fate. The composition of organizational and individual freedom is the result: Who can occupy the good life
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phenomenon】 【
frog frog phenomenon: a frog into peppery water instantly into the boiler, because of its harmful responses are very sensitive environment, it will speedily jump out the pot outside. If you put a frog into a pot of cold water and slowly heated, the frog will not now bound out of the pot, the water temperature gradually increased the final result is to be boiled frog died because the water temperature so high that the frog can not stand, it has been too late, or there is no ability to jump out the pot outside.
frog phenomenon tells us that a number of evolution events, they often cause people to attentive, and disposed to cause lethal it is in the feel-good circumstances, the gradual deterioration of the actual situation, there is no clear notice.
revelation is this: the survival of our organization and the main menace to society, not from sudden memorabilia but by slow and gradual process and can not discover the formation. It short-sighted, only to see regional, but can not see the huge picture, for the sudden change, you can calmly face, calm place for a big change, but can not detect, and afterward will bring us even more solemn injury! ~
Revelation of the second is: the frog, as if all living things in our lives, we must see to the hereafter, sedulous in considering of current problems, eager to learn current perception, can not be too with brandy,Lacoste Protect Laser Trainers, drunk today
The third revelation is: today's society is a knowledge explosion, the ever-changing, knowledge also need to constantly update, so we should not blindly obsessed with the status quo, complacent, lazy, if this continues, will certainly be eradicated at a times, there will be faced with the risk of unemployment! The fourth
revelation: we do not simply, only the face of sudden peril,Lacoste, to the omit of that puny little slow and precarious, because little of the kind of slow and small hazardous, is the most horrible!
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crocodile alligator law rule: its ambitious is to assume that a crocodile bite your feet, if you hand to try to break your thighs, crocodiles will also bite you feet and hands. The more you struggle, the more to be bitten. In the event crocodile bite your feet, your only way is to mash one foot.
example, in the stock market, crocodiles rule is: when you find yourself trading in the direction away from the market, must immediately stop, without any defer and shall not have any luck.
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】 【catfish effect

antecedent, sardines low survival rate during transmission. After it was found that, if put a catfish in the sardines, the situation is somewhat amended, the survival rate will be greatly promoted. This is why it?
Had catfish in to a strange environment, will be to the stirring effect; and sardines found in more than a This problem is solved hypoxia sardines, and sardines, will not die.
When an organization working to achieve a more settled state, often means lower employee motivation, An organization, if there is always a
It is manifested in two aspects, one enterprise to continue to add new blood to bring those vibrant, quick thinking, a new force of young and even the introduction of workforce management, to those complacent, lazy staff and bureaucratic conformist competitive pressure to raise The second is to continue to introduce new technologies, new processes, new equipment, new management conceptions, so as to enable enterprises to fighting the tide waves in the market, enhance survivability and adaptability.
catfish effect on the application, there are catfish in effect in the application of human resource management, leadership activities in the application, specifically including the establishment of a competitive mechanism, capable of opening, leading neatness changes and so on. But I think that catfish effect analysis and application of distant more than this. Different perspective of thinking, detect and solve the problem is different.
First, if the representative body catfish leader.
leaders influence others to complete the mission that the individual or collective, in the smooth box of sardines, sardines, a character of a group of extremely homogeneous group, similar to their skill level absence of innovation and initiative, overstaffing, inefficiency, the whole organization is a bloated state, and the appearance of the leader catfish (or evolved among the sardines catfish), new broom sweeps neat,Lacoste Carnaby Trainers, straighten penalty , normative systems, transformation process, the rational allocation of jobs and people, monetary, stuff, business has been gradual improvement in the organization, cut back on prices, simplify the bloated body, incapable of sardines to be dined, driven away, there are ability of sardines have a assured provocation, such a thriving scene showing the entire organization, a leader in the catfish below the leadership of the vitality of the entire organization are mobilized, so that the collective power of more mighty, dominate the mart, maintain market have a solid basis.
From this perspective,Lacoste Shua Lace Trainers, catfish leaders should have the following characteristics:
1 - act decisively, resolutely: rapid observation of diseases where the stagnant organization, and to cut the Gordian tie, quickly and effectively solve the problem.
2 - their words, the strong style of work: technological decision-making and to oversee the implementation of decision-making, timely assessment of the effectiveness of policies.
3 - promoting innovative, results-oriented: to promote innovation, build an atmosphere that encourages innovation, from business processes, job design, staff recruitment and delivery, assessment and other aspects of wage chart and reflects the innovative thinking, creative expression of the profits.
4 - need for completion, forward-looking vision: a short-and long-term development plans and objectives, can predict the direction of organizational development and human resources and the future of the existing gap, which can mainly identify future aptitude, tear out tug is not suitable for development of the organization workers.
5 - System Perspective, defiance to change: the competence to scrutinize the inside and appearance the organization system from the system changes in the building and function, we should not only regard themselves as part of the organization (as opposed to fishermen, who are themselves leading catfish sardines, fishermen are the leaders), and should see itself as a leader in small systems, can bring the staff to open the situation, break the routine, making good benefits.
for leadership in the leadership struggle for the mutual goal of employee groups, if there are catfish characteristics of the leader, then the way to survive is in film, to activate their energy, at least To synchronize the speed and catfish, and to ensure the same direction (business goals), so as not to be eaten catfish to catch up, or pushed by other sardines last suffocated.
Second, if the catfish on behalf of a member of the team.
then it method that new, strange, assorted, including alter views, different behaviors, different habits, because different, will inspire knowledge, a group absences different personalities, different capabilities and work experience of different people to connect, if we are all all-staff, then the team generate imaginative, the likelihood of producing high performance is minimal. In the focus on team creating, communication to the team today, fitting to attract catfish to join the team, will give the team a brisk working atmosphere, bringing innovation and bring win-win. However, the digit of catfish should be controlled, all catfish, then the whole team will be exist, the whole team to foul, so some Japanese companies believe in fact. From this perspective, the team should focus on healthy catfish molecular communication, inspire the fashion, the other workers deal with the team in the catfish, it should work on the root of their cooperation.
Again, if catfish content of the work on behalf of people in high spirits.
now many companies, organizational structure and job design is still a subject of a major transformation process, unreasonable, boring, no prospects, monotonous boring job content so that people feel like a bucket of dirt mobbed Like the small fish, not passion, not compliant to thinking pile up locations to improve, resulting in the formation of the collective inertia slowly. If the job enlargement, enrichment catfish effect applied to job design (Jobdesigning), and that the organization's financial contribution is manifest. How anxious, zealous work of catfish into the pond of stagnant water in it? This is a complicated learning, it was argued from the horizontal and perpendicular expansion of the scope of work, deepening the work content, for employees to experience the wealth of work activities, work experience achievements, so that they reflect the face of challenging and inciting ecology of work excitement and appetite; was advocated increased use of staff circulation in the way of talent, so that they work more joy catfish swim; I maintain that the application of these measures in the meantime also pay attention to the character of people and job matching, catfish will to do things catfish, sardines, sardines things to do, post in the work only to have the content of catfish also work with the content of sardine, the most important thing is to find staff preferences, look at those work can allow them to produce power and passion catfish, and only after the match, catfish effects can melodrama its role, or catfish, however work is set, only to discover that the work of the staff can not be moved, fighting for, then this catfish has become a die fish.
From this perspective, the work of catfish in the content of the work represents the wealthy, it is full of enthusiasm Zequan Li, challenging job expectations, fresh experience of the other posts and so on. For leaders and people resource managers, whether at work setting catfish work, what class to set in work catfish, will be an organization's strategy.
summary, from a different point of view, the representative of the content of catfish are different, for a practitioner, leadership may be the catfish, then your best efforts to maintain the same direction and organization, Do not swim back, otherwise there is danger of being eaten, always full of passion to the upstream and perhaps one day you become a catfish, a group of sardines to catch up the skirmish; your colleagues may be catfish, That and his Competition Competition to see who is surging vigor greater; your catfish may also be lower, then the incentive to grow under the same time, do not forget to give yourself enrich my knowledge, maintain a strong development momentum, or you have under the risk of being eaten; your work may also have catfish, it is reasonable arrangements for their own work, prioritize, work catfish swim to the more delight, it is best to stir up work on some level .
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herding herding: sheep where to go, where to go behind the sheep to follow.
herding stock investment was first a term primarily refers to the investors in the transaction process in knowledge and ######## phenomenon, the same in a certain time of time trading stocks.
herding theory (The Effect of Sheep Flock)
placed horizontally in front of a mallet in a flock of sheep, the first sheep jumped in the quondam, the second , and a third will follow the jump in the past; this time, the restriction of the stick, behind the sheep, waded here, and still the same as the sheep in front of upward jump, despite the roadblocks of the stick no longer exist, this is called The Refers to the management of some enterprises in the market behavior of a common phenomenon. It is due to insufficient information and lack of understanding of the market difficult for investors to make reasonable uncertainty about the future expectations, often by observing the behavior of people nigh the extraction of information, the consecutive transmission of this information, Many people will be roughly the same information and mutually reinforcing, resulting in herding.
herd behavior is the field of behavioral finance as a typical phenomenon in the mainstream financial theory can not annotate. Economics often use Sheep is a very strewed organization, usually with the left and right is blind buffet, but once there was a sheep to move, the other will without hesitation herd sheep, completely ignoring the wolf or approach the front may have at a better grass. Therefore, the
the emergence of herding in general a very competitive manufacture, but likewise the manufacture has a governor (chairman) occupies the cardinal focus, then the entire flock will continue to imitate the leader's each push, the leader where to
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hedgehog hedgehog law rule: two idle hedgehog, as chilly and owned attach. May be because their body is long with spines, so they left some distance, but can not stand the cold, then obtain together. After a frustrating, two hedgehogs has eventually found a suitable distance: both with every other to acquire the other's warm and was not subject to bar.
hedgehog law mainly refers to interpersonal relationships in the
French President Charles de Gaulle is a very people who will use the hedgehog rules. He had a motto: This is also profoundly affected him and consultants, think tanks and their relations staff. In his ten years of presidential years, he's the Secretariat, General Office and the General Staff and other private consultants and think tanks, no one's working years to more than two years. His newly appointed central of staff always say: requirements. This provision is based on two reasons: First, in his view, mobility is normal, while the fixation is not normal. This is subject to the impact of military practice, since the militia is moving, not always firm in one place crews. Second, he did not want This indicates that de Gaulle is a major decision on their own thinking and to live the leader, he does not allow the people around me never depart. Only to mobilize in order to maintain a certain distance, and only maintain a certain distance in order to ensure consultants and staff with fresh thinking and determination and full of vitality, it can eliminate the antique course of time their use of consultants and staff on behalf of the President and the Government dishonesty.
Charles de Gaulle's reach is thought-provoking and admiration. There is no sense of distance, leading policy-making over-reliance on the Secretary or a few people, easy to make interference in servant businesses think tank personnel, and thus make the name of these people under the guise of leadership, seeking selfish interests, and finally plucked into the water leading cadres, the consequences are very dangerous. Comparing the two, or better to maintain a certain distance.
sometime president of General Electric Company, Stone note in their work very personally hedgehog theory, primarily in the treatment of medium and senior management on even more so. And treatment in the workplace issues, Stone never mean the concern of executives, but in their spare time, he never asked for a guest home manager, never accepted their invitation. It is this distance to maintain an appropriate management of the business to make common Zhimakaihua steadily high. And employees to maintain a certain distance, not make you high above, it will make you and the staff were confused identity. This is one of the best administered state. Maintained by a certain distance to maintain the principle, this principle of equal treatment for all: both leaders bound themselves, but can be bound by employees. Grasp this principle, it mastered the mysterious of successful management.
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watch watch Law Law: Law is a person watches have a table, you can know what time it is, and when he has two not being competent to determine. Two tables and can not tell a person more accurate time, so they will watch the people lose confidence in accurate time.
watch law in business management gives us a very intuitive inspiration, is the same person or an organization can not be accustom with two different methods, can not set two different goals, and even each individual can not be two people to simultaneously directive, or will the business or private detriment.
story
monkeys and table a group of monkeys live in the forest, when the sun rises every day they go out foraging, when the sun back to rest, the days flies flat and well-being.
a passenger via the woods, to watch a tree fall on the rocks by monkeys in the Smart Meng may
do the Monkey King, Hard work pays off,
but When a subordinate to ask the time, After some time, the monkeys were revolted, the But presently, the new Monkey King is also facing
This is the famous More people watch and can not tell time more accurately, but will watch the people lose confidence in accurate time.
watch give us a very intuitive law of inspiration:
for any one thing, can not set two different goals, or they will make a loss ; for a person can not choose between two different values, or his behavior in muddle.
a person can not by two or more people to the command, otherwise the person will know what to do; for a business, is not in the meantime using two different methods of management, otherwise the enterprise will not development. In this regard
AOL and Time Warner merger is a typical failure case. America Online is a young Internet company, corporate mores accented operational flexibility, rapid decision-making, quick to seize the market require that all the objectives for the service. Time Warner to build long-term process of development emphasizes the honesty of the channel and innovative corporate mores.
two companies after the merger, corporate senior management and is not a good solution to the clash of two values, resulting in staff completely confuse the intention of future development of enterprises. Finally, Time Warner and AOL century matrimony ended in failure. It also indicates that, to diagram out the time, a voyage time table accurate enough.
select only you think is right
two charts and tin no tell a human a extra accurate time, yet will see the human lose reassurance in the exact time . You must do is apt select the extra authentic an, try apt calibrate it and use it as your criterion, follow its guidelines.
Nietzsche's famous saying: choose what you love, love your choice However, many people are troubled, they were
or others in the environment also under pressure opposition one chose the route I did not like, and accordingly reduced life. Even if made the subject of attention of the achievements, but also not felt the joy of success.
in real life, we often encounter a similar situation. Elective courses such as the two are you are interested in, but instructing time coincidence, and you do not have enough energy to learn another two courses, this time it is hard to choose. In the face of two equally good, equally enamored of your boys, you will naturally upset a long time, I do not know how to do a decision.
vocation, the location, no clear winner in the two handling units, you will go from here? Every crossroads in life, we must face the
choice in the face of conflicts, we suggest using The so-called
Psychological research shows that Maybe you can not tell a explicit reason, but through psychological senseless, under normal circumstances can make the best decision to encounter the needs of individual psychology. Here that the subconscious, in truth, we often mention the first impression.
gist philosophy: more choices, more standards will make people muddled.
Application Tips: clear goals, without interference; know how to choose, the place is put.
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broken window theory Broken Windows Theory: a house if the windows broke, no one to nail it, repeat it soon, other windows will be broken somehow; a walls, If there are some graffiti has not been cleansed, and soon, on the wall covered with a mess of things unsightly; a very clean place, people are perplexed to rubbish, trash on the floor but once there, the people will mm do not hesitate to throw, did not feel humiliated.
Broken Window Theory 1

also called Some people trust that this methodology is the 19th-century French economist Frederic Bastiat, as the target of commentary and amounted up, saw the famous article, The Hazlitt said that if a baby broke the window, people will inevitably guide to replacement of broken window cup, which would make the installation of glass and glass production people began to promote social employ.
Here, savants to illustrate the children's behavior and the behavior of the administration could have consequences, thus completely negating the Keynesian plan of government intervention. The unlock of this misbelief in the torrent, put the earthquakes, put the in the battle, it seems very appropriate.
also cried the Broken Windows Theory 2
broken window broken window effect, if I were you repaired, will lead to more broken windows, and even entire architecture was demolished. By the American political scientist and criminologist Karen Wilson reconnaissance summary of the
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Law】 【twenty-eight

twenty-eight law (Pareto's law): the late 19th early 20th century Italian economist Pareto that in whichever group of things, the most important only a small part, about 20%, though a crowd of the remaining 80%, but it is secondary. About 80% of social wealth is concentrated in the hands of 20%, while 80% of people with only 20% of the social wealth. This statistical imbalance in the social, economic and life everywhere, this is the twenty-eight law.
twenty-eight rules tell us, do not average to diagnose, process and look at the problem, commerce and management to seize the vital few; to nail those who can provide a 80% profit, the aggregate but merely 20% of the amount of key buyers, reinforce services to fulfill a multiplier effect; commerce leaders to work seriously on the category analysis, it is required to solve the main effort on opener issues, focus on important projects.
20% ------------------ 80% of people who successfully unsuccessful
20% of the people to make money with the nape above the neck -------- 80% fewer money
20% of people think positive -------------- 80 % of negative thinking
20% buy time to ---------------- the people who sell 80% of the time
; 20% of people looking for a good employee ---------- 80% of people looking for a good job
20% of people prevail the rest ------- ------- 80% dominated by people who do
20% ---------------- 80% of business people to do
20% of people do worth experience -------------- 80% of people together magnitude to pedagogy
20% of people think that deeds have results ------ 80% of people think that knowledge is power
20% of the people I want to how to do it 80% of people have money ------ I money,Lacoste Trainers, how do I
20% of people love Investment ---------------- 80% love shopping
20% ---------------- 80% of targeted people love Xia Xiang
20% of people searching for answers in the question - ------- 80% of the people in answer to find the problem
20% of people in long-term perspective ------------ 80% of the momentary
20% of people the chance -------------- 80% of people missed the chance
20% of people plan for the future -------------- 80% of people only think of the morn act
20% today, along to the successful experience of the person to act -------- 80% of people according to their own hopes
20% of the people to do simple things ---------- 80% of people do not want to do uncomplicated things
; 20% of people do today, morrow ------ 80% of people do things today, tomorrow, do
20% of people how to do it ---- -------- 80% of people can not do
20% to 80% of people taking notes ---------------- Forgetfulness is a good
20% of people who were affected by the success of -------- 80% of people affected by the failure of people
20% -------------- people in good shape 80% of people have a bad attitude
20% of people believe they will succeed ------- ------- 80% of the people do not want to change the environment
20% of people will never applause, encourage -------------- 80% never abusive, criticizing
20% of people will insist -------------- 80% of people would give up
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】 【Barrel Theory
bucket theory: the composition of the embark if the width of the lacking barrels, then the pail of water is not decided Sheng was the longest chip of lumber, and It depends on the shortest piece of lumber.
bucket effect is like a bucket full of water, the same must be flush with each board and not break, if necessary in a wooden barrel or a missing block of wood below the chasm, this barrel can not be filled with water. Is that a bucket can be How much water does not depend on the longest piece of wood, but on the shortest piece of wood. Also known as short-board effect. A bucket not matter how high, its water warehouse is highly dependent on where the lowest piece of wood.
rule known as buckets or short panel theory, buckets short board management theory, the so-called How much water does not depend on the highest piece of wood on the sides of casks, but prefer depends on the shortest piece on the sides of casks. According to this core content, Second, as long as the bucket, there are a ample elevation, a bucket of water can not be full.
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Matthew】 【

Matthew: , even he has will be taken from him. fields. Its name comes from the Bible
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logic】 【cage
a beautiful trap hanging in the apartment where the most prominent, a few days, the landlord will make one of the following two options: discard away the cage, or buy back on a bird trap. This is the cage logic. The process is simple, assume you are the landlord of the chamber, as long as people entered the apartment and saw the cage, they can not help but ask you: kept a bird. Cage logical reason is simple: most of the time people are taking the inertia of cerebral. It can be seen in the life and work develop logical thinking how important it is.
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diffusion of responsibility effect
】 【年 3 月 13
1964 日夜 3 时 20 points outside of an room in New York before a male named Juno young women than the pearly bar at the end of the way family from work between assassination. When she cried out in despair: When everything is tranquilize, the killer returned to perpetrate a crime. When she wailed, the neighboring dwellers and the light switch, the attackers then fled. When she has nothing to do that, go back to their home upstairs, the killer anew appeared before her, to slay her on the stairs. In the process, even though she shouted for help, her neighbors, at least 38 to the window to watch, but no one to emancipate her, no one even called the police. This caused a stir in New York society, but also attracted the attention of social psychologists and thinking. It is considered a large number of bystanders neglecting the phenomenon known as diffusion of responsibility effect.
dispersion effect for the formation of responsibility reasons, psychologists have done a lot of experiments and surveys found that: this phenomenon can not just say that all of the heartless, or moral decay of the performance increased. In different causes, people's acts of favour there is a difference. When a person in an crisis situation, if necessary he can provide help, he would apparently aware of their responsibilities, provide aid to the martyrs. If he refused to help produce feelings of guilt,Lacoste Arixia FD Trainers, feelings of guilt, which requires paying a high psychological amount. And if the presence of many people, help the responsibility for questing help from the people to share, resulting in fragmentation of responsibility, the responsibility of each person to share very few witnesses and even that may not even his own sense of a responsibility not to produce A How to break this situation, which is being studied by psychologists is an important heading.
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Parkinson's law】 【
noted British historian
North Goode Parkinson through long-term research, write a writing called In his book, agency personnel explained the reasons for and consequences of inflation: an incompetent officials, there may be 3 ways, first is the application for resignation, the seat give competent people; the second is to make a competent person to help their work; third assignation of two levels lower than they were when the acolyte. This first way is absolutely Zou Bude, because that would lose many rights; second way can not go, because that would be capable of their antagonists; seems that only a third way most appropriate. As a outcome, two ordinary collaborator sharing his work, he is high on orders, they will not pose a threat to their rights. Since the inability of two assistants, they profession the shots, then two more for his inability to find an assistant. And so on, to form a bloated, overstaffed, wrangling with each other, inefficient leadership system.
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halo effect
】 【
famous Russian literary giant Pushkin Zengyin role halo effect underwent a great deal. He was fanatically in love with is called Natan Li looks extraordinary, but with different channel sub-Puhi Jin-Zhi. When the time to write poetry Pushkin read it to her time. She always covered their ears and said: decease duel, a literary gigantic to fall headlong. Appears in Pushkin, a beautiful matron is bound to have great wisdom and magnificent temperament, whatsoever, is not the case, a phenomenon known as the halo effect.
the so-called halo effect, that is, interpersonal communication, people who museum the characteristics of a particular facet, cover the other features, resulting in interpersonal cognitive disorders. In everyday life, For instance, some drawback of the elderly individual youth people, or clothes, habits and find it unacceptable to think that they necessarily nice for nothing; some youth people a thing about the admiration of friends, you will penetrate him everywhere lovely, really the so-called Halo achieve is a sweeping subjective psychological speculation, the error is: First, it is simple to clutch the individual specifics and habits of individual shove and, equitable like Mangrenmoxiang as a point on benefit of the surface; the second It is not intrinsically linked to some of the identity alternatively physical characteristics related with the assertion that such traits are leap to have additional characteristics; Third, it definitely said yeah to all that bad on all the negative, which is a utter domination by the proclivity of subjective discrimination. In short, the halo efficacy is the interpersonal relationships in a large psychological shock on people with cognitive impairment, we have contacts to try to avert and surmount the side effects of halo effect.
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】 【Hawthorne effect a psychological experimenter effect. 20-30 years of the 20th centenary, U.S. researchers in the Chicago Western Electric Company Hawthorne factory's working conditions, social factors and the relationship between production efficiency experimenter effect found in experiments, said Hawthorne effect.
the first phase of the experiment in November 1924 from the starting of the working conditions and productivity of the relationship between the test group and control group. Increase or control the results regardless of illumination in the experimental group yields are heaving, but the same illumination output of the control group also additional. In appending, tests of the wages paid, the coffee break time, the length of daily and newspaper number of days of work and other factors, can not see these working conditions, there is a direct impact on production efficiency. The second phase of the trial by the U.S. Mayo led by Harvard instructor, focuses on social factors and the relationship between productivity and found that the production efficiency is mainly occasioned by the experimenter in the spirit of the great changes have taken place. Participate in the trial of the workmen were placed in special studio researchers led by their social conditions changed, the cares from all sides, creating a consciousness of participating, feel that they are an major part of the company, so operators aspects from the social point of view are stimulated to promote the production addition.
This effect tells us that when students or their attention or attention by the public, the study and would greatly increase the efficiency of communication. Therefore, in our daily lives with others learn to get along and understand what variety of behavior is accepted by students and teachers and appreciation, and we can only live and learn and continually increase their good behavior, it may be more people's attention and appreciation, but also can make our learning progress, full of confidence!
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experimental】 【learned helplessness learned helplessness effect
earliest Overmyer and West Sigman found after in beast and human studies have been warmhearted argued. Simply put, many experiments show that exercised dogs can across the barriers or engage in other behavior to avoid the impact the experimenter joined to it. However, if the dogs are not expected before (do not know when to come) and can not be controlled by electric shock (such as interruption of cordless impact or not does not depend on the dog's behavior), when the dog was the contingency to flee electric shock, they have changed was unable to run. Moreover, the dogs also showed other failings, such as frustration and depression, diluted motivation and so on.
dog show why this situation is deserving early in the experiment learned a sense of helplessness. That is, they fulfil that no matter what their own can not control the termination shock. In each experiment, the shock is canceled under the control of the experimenter, and the dog will be conscious of their inability to change the external control, to learn a sense of helplessness.
person who had learned helplessness to convert a deep despair and grief. Therefore, we ought study and life in the open their eyes a tiny and see the real accidents back the decision factors, do not make our own despair.
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】 【
spectator witness's memories, in our knowing of where, normally to provide some objective testify, that his own saw, heard above all hand what truthfully people who talk out. However, psychological research shows that the proof of numerous witnesses are not very accurate, or that is a personal favorite, with personal views and awareness.
witness testimony of their confidence and their testimony can not determine the accuracy of the results of this study is amazing. Mrs fees can be special and psychologist Howard Springs decided that further study conclusions. In order to investigate whether the testimony of witness something special, they will witness memory and the memory of general knowledge were likened.
they make were shown a short movie is about the kidnapping of a girl. The afterward daytime, to answer some of the subjects in the content of the movie and queried them to tell the degree of confidence in their answer, then do a admission memory test. Next, use the same usage, the content of fashionable literature from the encyclopedia and the general knowledge of selected issues.
the same place as before, Perot fees can be special and Howard Springs also found that the accuracy of the witness reminisced, those confident of their answers than those who do not actually have no confidence people greater, but for general knowledge, the situation is not the case, people with high confidence in memories of people who score better than the lack of confidence.
people in the general knowledge about their strengths and disabilities with self-knowledge. Therefore, tend to modify their test results for the confidence scale. General knowledge is a database, is shared among individuals, it has acknowledged the correct question, the subjects can work measure. For instance, people will know thatthe issue of whether in sports or even almost better than others. However, the event witnessed the impact from such self-knowledge. For example, on the entire, they are unlikely to know the event than others, the participants in the memory zone cilia color better or aggravate.
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Rosenthal Effect】 【

Rosenthal, American psychologist, who in 1968 conducted a famous experiment. Them to a primary co-optation in the three sixth grade classes of the children making a fuss of the In fact, this catalogue is not resolute according to test results, but randomly selected. It is based on 8 months later, another comprehension test results showed that, the catalogue of general improvement in student achievement, teachers also gave their good conduct reviews. This experiment has achieved miraculous results, It is considered by teachers to students the shrewd psychological effects, so that teachers expect students to achieve the progress of the phenomenon, known as the Pygmalion (Pygmalion of Cyprus in Greek mythology, the throne, he produced a statue of a girl he loved his desire to finally make this into a real statue, the two fall in love with.)
educational practice also shows that: if a teacher like some of the students, they will have high expectations, after a period of time, students feel the teachers care, love and encouragement; often a positive attitude towards teachers towards learning and their behavior towards the students more self-esteem, confidence, self-love, self-induce a positive passion, these students often expect teachers to obtain progress. In contrast, teachers who are ignored, distinguished against students from the teacher's lecture over time, manner, facial expressions of teachers felt the requirements; these students often worse day by day, and finally reduced to the bad factors of society. Despite some exceptions, but the trend is that, while it also sounded the panic for teachers.
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deviation】 【false sympathy

we usually believe that our love is the same with maximum people. If you like playing microprocessor games, then it may overestimate the number of people like computer games. You will usually overestimate the students to vote on their favorite numbers, overestimate their own prestige in the population and leading and so on. This overestimation of your behaviors and outlooks you have the same tendency of the number of features is called Some factors that may affect your share of this disloyal bias strength:
(1) When an outer attribution was stronger than the inner attribution;
(2) present behavior or events when a person is very important;
(3) When you are very sure of their point of view, or believe that the time;
(4) When your status know next to nothing ofme kind of customary life and learning be intimidated;
(5) When it comes to a positive When the quality or character;
(6) When you and other people as while they are similar.