newspaper correspondent Xishan Guo Tao Li Yalong short-room country Twins this reporter Ji Yi Gao Lei
Following the "guanxi (relationship)", "hongbao (red packets)" Anglo-American media as the "budding word" after, "chengguan (urban)" also joined the ranks. This is obviously because of the recent Chinese urban cities involving public clashes, causing the outside worlds attention. Urban management, not unique to China, India, Russia and Britain and other developed countries have different institutions undertake similar management and service functions. Historical records, even as early as 2,000 years BC, the Sumerian city-states,
griffey shoes, there is a guard gate, rectifying the market of full-time staff. Clearly,
kids griffey shoes, as long as cities exist, these people must exist. However, rapid urbanization, population movement in India and other large emerging countries,
nike heels for women, became the first wave of urban management and subjected to various social issues groups. Public involvement in urban management will undoubtedly increase the risk of conflict, because it not only involves the transformation of the countrys legal and social deficiencies, are also involved in that "deprived of life bottom line" of people looking for emotional exit problem, of course, which also includes urban populations of their own quality problems. How to make the city to maintain order in a controlled, under? This is not utter words can solve the problem.
UK Internet users: "Chinas urban management" = "Viking"
"miscalculation" on the 20th to "seek first in quite similar shape of the management" as the subject talked about Chinas "urban chaos",
griffey jr shoes, the article lists some of Chinas recent urban violence in the citys law enforcement and Internet rumors conclusive case , citing the arguments of some Chinese citizens, "said everyone in the curse, urban management, but would not work either, such as unlicensed vendors disturbing," "bad reputation in China has done a lot of urban people too hard too tired and thankless things, but no corresponding evaluation. " Article analyzes that "the problems of urban management, Chinese scholars have already done a lot of in-depth analysis, such as the late scholar Cai Jian had strongly suggested that Chinas urbanization process, a large number of migrant and laid-off unemployed workers have to rely on street stall living, the city government to maintain order on the premise should be to serve the people, the management should also be subject to the publics right to exist,
asics sale, management is not to limit, but to serve. "
recent years, "chengguan (urban)" and "hongbao (red packets)", "guanxi (relationship)", as became a British newspaper "New Words." "The Times" article entitled "Guide to teach how to beat China but not hurt" as the subject reported that in China, the manual "clients" is obviously known as the "chengguan" local law enforcement, "in carrying out their tasks process is often involved in some public clashes. " "Daily Telegraph" said, the so-called "chengguan" means "Chinese city driving illegal street vendors, clear black car and check the business license of the police." "The Guardian" explained, "chengguan" refers to "some minor crime and disorder treatment to employees." In the UK some video online, and some even made out to "Urban China" and "Viking" put together animation clips, and quipped, "These are all afraid to call civil." "The Guardian" reported that Chinese urban violence in the event Shihai analysis of law enforcement, "said Chinas urban reason to do so, they did not receive the same adequate training, low-income and career prospects of individuals are pessimistic about the multiple factors." The newspaper also reported that some Chinese local arrangements for the young female urban streets and good attitude on duty, instead of the original in the hearts of hawkers as vicious as the male urban management, "much to ease the psychological pressure on the vendors, is a good attempt . "
Urban India: Governance twists and turns of street vendors
"urban" is not unique to the product of Chinas urbanization. As early as 2,000 years BC, the Sumerian city-state era, appeared to guard the gates,
womens jordan heels, as the task of rectifying the market of the city full-time officers, they enjoy a certain degree of punishment. To 1667, Paris, France set up a police system, is considered the modern urban management system, establish a starting point. According to historical records
UK, September 29, 1829, a group wearing a fur hat, pedal boots, wearing a navy blue coat and trousers of the "urban management" took to the streets of London. Now, the British are still similar to the "urban" community police, but in general, they rarely need to worry about "illegal immigrant street vendor or vendors walking the streets," the problem, because the British business culture is not so private consumption. The vast majority of the British habit of one week to two large supermarkets, buy the whole variety of food and clothing supplies. If there are a few hastily stood downtown street hawkers selling vegetables, fruits, tights and hat, the British generally do not dare to buy, for fear of them of questionable quality.
But in China, India and other populous countries, selling the street is still a unique landscape. In New Delhis streets,
ken griffey jr shoes, "Global Times" reporter regulators often see the city without a license vendors to catch up with the scene, every time supervisors left, returned to vendors who continue to do their own business. In recent years, unlicensed vendors in the governance of India on the issue of twists and turns. In 2007, the Indian Supreme Court approved the regulations on management of Chapman, including the ban on the roadside do catering business. As the 10 million street vendors in India, 30% of people do snack business, a lot of people complain about the ban lost their "means of livelihood." Maintenance of street vendors, Ms. rights activists Marduk Shiwa strongly believes that "the ban is absurd," it is impossible to be implemented, and the reason is simple: consumers want. "Indian Express" and even said that street vendors are part of the heritage of Delhi, the city has added color and flavor of life,
nike air cent penny, residents and tourists are like.
to 2009, India introduced "on urban street vendors of national policy,
griffey shoes 2011," the relevant provisions, "said the street vendors at an affordable price, in a convenient place for the people to provide positive role of essential commodities to be recognized," and Meanwhile,
air griffey max 2, also by division of the "Allow management area", "restricted business area" and "Prohibition Zone" to regulate the management of street vendors. Indias Supreme Court held that the policy is de facto recognition of street vendors in urban retail system, an integral part of the legitimate, although the street to sell sometimes cause problems of urban traffic congestion, the main reason. The reason why India issued such a policy, because in many towns, the number of street vendors has been about 2% of the total population,
black heels, and the unemployed, the majority of women, street selling is not only to solve Indias urban poor self-employment as a means of for large urban population provides a "convenient and affordable service." But in October last year, India hosted the Commonwealth Games, told the hundreds of thousands of street vendors in New Delhi launched the "big clean-up operations", which naturally lead to the vendors of dissatisfaction.
experts: can not "stop-gap measure"
BBC commentary once said that "urban" is the rapid development of urbanization in China, "the power outsourcing" of the product, they took over the executive branch of government from stripping out administrative punishment. With urban development, urban management functions are more and more power to an increasingly wide range, from the city environment, business management, urban water conservation to the public security traffic, involving all aspects of urban public life, but the unclear legal status of urban can be said that "Chinas social transformation in the gap between theory and practice of the product."
Peking University Law School Professor Cham fun, "Global Times" reporter, said, with urban management and service functions, "not an abolition of urban management can solve the problem." In his view, how to understand the modern city management, what role government should play in the end, whether some things should be handled entirely by the government,
asics shoes, social organizations, in the end how to play the role of a range of issues we need to seriously consider.
Cham music emphasized that to solve the problems in city management, not just "stop-gap measure." For example,
Nike air 1/2 cent penny, in the fight against "black car business," when dealing with issues such as street vendors, but also take into account whether the general should provide adequate public transport services or to allow traders "allowed to operate." Some scholars believe that the rapid development of urbanization in China is still in the context of urban management is too strict or too loose, can cause confusion, to really solve the long-term opposition between urban and vendors to reduce or end a "cat and mouse" game repeat staged, it is necessary to fundamentally improve peoples livelihood.
Russia has between urban and unlicensed traders, "you catch my flight" phenomenon. In this regard, the main Xi Fa Jie Ye Fu E Sa La Tuo Fu City Chamber of Commerce has said that those illegal street retail outlets, should take the attitude of dialogue, to mutual understanding, rather than taking the means to fight. Saratov City Economic Committee Xi Sa Ni Ke Fu that people almost every day complaints, requiring the demolition of illegal kiosks,
blue high heels, because they destroyed the building structure, to occupy the sidewalk, and municipal health departments do not sign away garbage contracts, sales of goods quality is questionable. But he also stressed that unlicensed hawkers themselves are victims, they had to be "with the money of the envelope" inside to some people.
unlicensed traders and Russia may exist among urban phenomenon of bribery, the Chinese quality of city management is the most popular discontent. In this regard, Cham music that joining the ranks of urban management staff is relatively complex, uneven quality, every day they are faced with many trivial things, such as the regulation of illegal small advertisements, to combat the black car business, that do not comply with the relevant provisions of itinerant traders of management. Inspectors to withstand great pressure to do these things. Some traders believe that city inspectors are threatening their "survival of the bottom line," let no hope of life, so easy to vent their dissatisfaction with some threat to their survival in the human body. Against this background, the urban management department and inspectors often in a contradictory "cusp."
United States and Europe: "No one can enjoy the privilege of"
anywhere stall habits of Chinese living abroad have been brought to many corners of the world. Earlier this year, a small town to live in Italy due to the Chinese in Prato trunk of his car converted into food stalls sell fried food to passers-by, the local police to the illegal business and violations of health and epidemic prevention law fined 5,000 euros.
a park in east London, residents of the surrounding weekends are self-organized farmers market, in accordance with the provisions of the UK tax authorities will be commissioned to secretly investigate whether the chapter stall tax. Not long ago, a Chinese business that days turnover also one or two hundred pounds, if four or five pounds and then pay the registration fee is not worth the booth, they did not initiate the payments, the result came out to be spot fined �� 120. He found the management staff asked, "Is not that minority bullied", a result of management books turn out to him and told him: "You see how much I am fine today, more than fifty, no one can enjoy the privilege. "
Canada sparsely populated, police thin, good headache almost non-existent problem of street vendors, because most parts of Canadas severe restrictions on the street stall, severity of a punishment.
last August, the United States "urban" is also a busy storm. A 7-year-old Oregon girl stand selling lemonade, by the local health administrator off. Discontent aroused the American people, because even the "management killed the little girls entrepreneurial enthusiasm." Under the pressure of public opinion, local officials finally apologized to the girl. But the U.S. is not all such "entrepreneurs" are lenient, if someone complained, and the existence of irregularities,
asics tiger, the United States "urban" or will comply with a series of procedures and regulations to enforce the law against illegal traders. In this incident, the girls were asked to "spend $ 150 to do health certificate, or face $ 500 fine."
Germany Urban Management Bureau, Bureau of the order of the agency responsible for urban management. In Berlin, the largest street stall is of Turkish origin, but the "Global Times" reporter seldom heard because of urban violence, law enforcement and that there is no pleasant thing. Local people always say, from 1789 the French bourgeois revolution, freedom, equality and the concept deeply rooted in France and Germany, law enforcement and law enforcement relations are relatively equal.
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